Municípios da Grande Vitória em alerta por causa do Aedes, diz Ministério

cartaz-aedesVitória, Vila Velha, Serra, Viana e Guarapari aparecem em amarelo na lista de 855 municípios brasileiros em estado de alerta ou de risco de surto de dengue, chikungunya e zika. Os dados foram divulgados nesta quinta (24) pelo Ministério da Saúde revelam. O número representa 37,4% dos municípios pesquisados pela pasta no Levantamento Rápido de Índices para Aedes aegypti (LIRAa), que é o mosquito transmissor das três doenças.

Das 22 capitais que participaram do estudo, Cuiabá está em situação de risco e outras nove em situação alerta: Aracaju, Salvador, Rio Branco, Belém, Boa Vista, Vitória, Goiânia, Recife e Manaus. Outras 12 aparecem como em situação satisfatória: São Luis, Palmas, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Teresina, Belo Horizonte, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Macapá, Florianópolis, Campo Grande e Brasília.

O ministério não recebeu informações sobre as capitais Maceió, Porto Velho e Curitiba. Já Natal e Porto Alegre utilizam outra metodologia para medição de focos do mosquito.

Depósitos de água como toneis, tambores e caixas d’água foram os principais tipos de criadouro do mosquito registrados nas regiões Nordeste e Sul. No Sudeste, predominou o o depósito domiciliar, categoria em que se enquadram vasos de plantas, garrafas, piscinas e calhas. No Norte e no Centro-Oeste, a maioria dos focos foi encontrada no lixo.

Redução da dengue

Os dados mostram uma queda de 5,5% no número de casos de dengue este ano, comparado ao mesmo período do ano passado: foram 1.458.355 ocorrências até 22 de outubro deste ano e 1.543.000 casos até a mesma data em 2015.

Entre as regiões do país, o Sudeste e o Nordeste apresentam o maior número de casos, com 848.587 e 322.067, respectivamente. Em seguida, aparecem o Centro-Oeste (177.644), o Sul (72.114) e o Norte (37.943).

O estudo registrou ainda 601 mortes pela doença este ano, contra 933 no mesmo período de 2015 – uma redução de 35,6%. Também reduziram pela metade os casos de dengue grave, que passaram de 1.616 para 803, e a quase um terço os casos de dengue com sinais de alarme, que caíram de 20.352 para 7.730.

Aumento da chikungunya

O levantamento aponta 251.051 casos suspeitos de febre chikungunya identificados no país este ano, sendo 134.910 confirmados. No mesmo período do ano passado, o total foi de 26.763 casos suspeitos e 8.528 confirmados.

Ao todo, 138 mortes pela doença foram registradas nos seguintes estados: Pernambuco (54), Paraíba (31), Rio Grande do Norte (19), Ceará (14), Bahia (5), Rio de Janeiro (5), Maranhão (5), Alagoas (2), Piauí (1), Amapá (1) e Distrito Federal (1).

Atualmente, 2.281 municípios brasileiros já registraram casos de infecção pelo vírus Chikungunya.

Incidência de Zika

Em relação ao vírus Zika, foram identificados 208.867 casos prováveis no país até o dia 22 de outubro. O número representa uma taxa de incidência de 102,2 casos para cada 100 mil habitantes. Foram confirmadas ainda três mortes pela doença este ano, além de 16.696 casos prováveis de infecção entre gestantes.

O Sudeste tem a maior parte de casos prováveis (83.884), seguido pelo Nordeste (75.762), Centro-Oeste (30.969), Norte (12.200) e Sul (1.052). Considerando a proporção por habitantes, o Centro-Oeste encabeça a lista, com 200,5 casos para cada 100 mil habitantes. Em seguida estão Nordeste (133,9), Sudeste (97), Norte (69,8) e Sul (3,6).

A transmissão autóctone (originária no Brasil) foi confirmada em abril de 2015 e as notificações de casos ao Ministério da Saúde se tornaram obrigatórias em fevereiro deste ano, por isso não há comparações com anos anteriores.

Adesão

Das 3.704 cidades que estavam aptas a participar do Levantamento Rápido de Índices para Aedes aegypti (LIRAa), 2.284 integram a edição deste ano – o equivalente a 62,6% do total.

Realizado entre outubro e novembro, o estudo é considerado ferramenta fundamental para o controle do mosquito. Com base nas informações coletadas, o gestor pode identificar o tipo de depósito predominante e priorizar medidas para conter a proliferação do vetor no município.

Atualmente, o levantamento é feito por meio de adesão voluntária, mas a expectativa do governo é que a participação passe a ser obrigatória para cidades com mais de 2 mil imóveis. A proposta será apresentada na próxima reunião da Comissão Intergestores Tripartite, constituída por representantes do Ministério da Saúde e de representantes de secretarias estaduais e municipais, marcada para 8 de dezembro.

“O número [de municípios participantes] é crescente, mas queremos deixar obrigatório”, reforçou o ministro da Saúde, Ricardo Barros.

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