Aedes aegypti: depósitos continuam concentrados no ambiente doméstico

Vasos e pratos de plantas, garrafas vazias, ralos e calhas. Esses continuam sendo os principais focos de proliferação do mosquito Aedes aegypti no Espírito Santo, segundo dados compilados pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde (Sesa). E o pior é que esses depósitos de água parada estão dentro das residências. Eliminá-los é tarefa importantíssima, por isso nunca é demais ressaltar o que fazer, no dia a dia, para combater o mosquito.

Segundo Roberto Laperrière, referência técnica do Programa Estadual de Combate a Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya, no Espírito Santo, quase 80% dos focos do mosquito Aedes aegypti estão dentro das casas, percentual semelhante ao observado no ano de 2015. Garrafas vazias, vasos e pratos de planta correspondem a 27,8% dos depósitos de água parada, seguidos por calhas e ralos, 23,2%; tonéis, tambores e barris, 21,96%; e caixas d´água, 6,66%.

“Pode soar repetitivo falarmos sobre isso, mas está mostrado que o maior quantitativo de depósitos de água parada está no ambiente doméstico, tanto dentro de casa quanto nos quintais. Se eliminamos o mosquito, que é quem carrega os vírus da dengue, da zika e da chikungunya, diminuímos a possibilidade de as pessoas adoecerem”, ressalta Laperrière.

O que fazer

Para a referência técnica, o meio mais simples e prático para combater o mosquito é fazer uma lista com tudo o que deve ser verificado dentro de casa e no quintal para que nenhum item importante seja esquecido. E para que a vistoria seja eficaz, é importante realizá-la em dias fixos da semana. Isso porque o ciclo evolutivo do mosquito dura de cinco a sete dias.

“Se a pessoa escolheu fazer a vistoria na segunda-feira, ela precisa fazer a limpeza sempre às segundas-feiras. Se numa semana ela fez a vistoria na segunda e na outra ela deixou para fazer na quarta-feira, por exemplo, já se passou o período evolutivo e novos mosquitos podem ter surgido”, detalha Laperrière.

Recipientes como vasilhas de animais domésticos necessitam ser limpos com uma boa escovação nas bordas para retirar possíveis ovos do Aedes aegypti. O mesmo deve ser feito com vasos de plantas, tonéis, caixas d’água e a bandeja que fica atrás da geladeira. Laperrière ressaltou que a bandeja e os vasos de planta, além de limpos, devem ser mantidos sempre sem água.

“A escovação desses locais é importante porque a fêmea coloca o ovo na parede desses recipientes e o ovo pode ficar lá por mais de um ano. Assim que entrar em contato com a água, em um ou dois dias o ovo eclode e surge a larva, que é o primeiro estágio do mosquito. Daí por diante o mosquito completa sua evolução na água e depois vai para o ambiente”, explicou a referência técnica.

O quintal também pode se tornar um grande depósito de criadouros do mosquito, por isso, também deve ser vistoriado toda semana, num dia fixo. Laperrière orienta limpar a área externa da casa e eliminar tampas de garrafa, folhas, sacolas plásticas e outros objetos não mais utilizados que podem acumular água.

Dicas de prevenção

– Mantenha fechadas as tampas de vasos sanitários e de ralos pouco usados, como os de áreas de serviço e de lazer;

– Se for viajar, feche também os ralos dos banheiros e a tampa dos vasos sanitários;

– Mantenha o quintal sempre limpo, jogando fora o que não é utilizado;

– Deixe o quintal sempre bem varrido, eliminando recipientes que possam acumular água, como tampinha de garrafa, folhas, sacolas plásticas etc.;

– Tampe tonéis, caixas d’água e qualquer tipo de recipiente que possa reservar água;

– Certifique-se de que as lonas de cobertura estejam bem esticadas para não haver acúmulo de água;

– Não deixe acumular água nos vasos de plantas;

– Mantenha a bandeja que fica atrás da geladeira limpa e sem água;

– Coloque garrafas vazias de cabeça para baixo;

– Se por algum motivo tiver pneus no quintal, mantenha-os secos e abrigue-os em local coberto ou descarte-os corretamente se não tiverem utilidade;

– Escove bem as bordas dos recipientes (vasilha de água e comida de animais, vasos de plantas, tonéis, caixas d’água) e mantenha-os sempre limpos.

– Antes de viajar, tire a água dos vasos de plantas e guarde a vasilha de água e de comida de animais de estimação.

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